翻译第一天

我的英文居然这么好！（大言不惭的说）
我的中文怎么这么差呀！！（痛心疾首的说）
每一句英文都懂得不能再懂了，可就是不知道翻译成中文应该怎么说。（哭都找不着调了）Google translate还是挺给力的。虽然翻译出来的中文一股金属味，但是至少提供了初稿，要不然简直就是狗啃刺猬——没处下嘴。

第一天下来，累死宝宝了！！！！！！

Chapter 4	第四章
Assessment of Distress, Disorder, Impairment, and Need in the Population	对人群中精神困扰，障碍，损伤和需求的评估
William W. Eaton, Ramin Mojtabai, Elizabeth A. Stuart, Jeannie-Marie S. Leoutsakos, S. Janet Kuramoto
Key points	要点
Evolution of methods of assessment of mental disorders helps to demarcate three generations in the history of psychiatric epidemiology	精神障碍评估方法的演变有助于划分精神病流行病学史上的三个时期
A range of quantitative methods for judging success in assessment (reliability and validity) is available	可以使用一系列定量方法来评判评估的成果（可靠性和有效性）
Modalities of assessment include short questions on distress, brief screening scales oriented toward a syndrome, structured diagnostic interviews, and structured and semistructured psychiatric examinations	评估方式包括关于精神痛苦的简短问题，面向综合症的简要筛查量表，结构化诊断访谈以及结构化和半结构化精神病学检查
Agreement between modalities of assessment is only moderate	不同评估方法之间只能达到中度一致
Population-based surveys of mental disorders involve large numbers of assessments, and quality control is important	基于人群的精神障碍调查涉及大量评估，质量控制很重要
Extrapolation of survey results to areas not surveys (indirect estimation) is possible	将抽查结果外推到非抽查领域（间接估计）是可能的
INTRODUCTION	介绍
A public health approach to health and illness involves exploration of both the presence and absence of diseases and disorders. Because the emphasis is on populations, not individuals, the assessment instruments employed must be appropriate for use not only across large groups but also for replication in work by other researchers and clinicians. This chapter introduces the reader to current approaches to public health assessment and to common assessment tools now in use for assessing large numbers of people.	研究健康和疾病的公共卫生学方法涉及探索疾病和病症的存在与否。因为针对人群，而不是个体，所以使用的评估手段必须适用于大型群体，而且对于不同的研究人员和临床医生要有可重复性。本章向读者介绍当前的公共卫生评估方法以及目前用于评估大量人群的常用评估工具。

红色部分需要再斟酌。

喘着粗气说，明天继续努力。